Property Law
Property law defines the rights and obligations associated with the ownership, use, and transfer of real and personal property. It covers estates in land, future interests, landlord-tenant law, easements, covenants, and personal property. This category examines property law doctrines across common law and civil law systems, including the regulatory framework of zoning and eminent domain.
Chinese Property Law
The Real Rights Law and the Civil Code Chinese property law is codified in the Real Rights Law (Wuquan Fa), adopted on 16 March 2007 after a thirteen-year drafting process involving seven separate …
Chinese Property Law — Real Rights and Land Use Rights
Chinese property law underwent a landmark transformation with the adoption of the Property Law (Wuquan Fa) in 2007, which for the first time codified a comprehensive system of real rights in the …
English Property Law
The Distinction Between Real and Personal Property English property law maintains the fundamental common law distinction between real property (realty) and personal property (personalty). Real …
EU Property Law
The Protection of Property Rights in the EU Legal Order The European Union does not possess a general legislative competence to harmonise national property law; property rights remain primarily within …
EU Property Law — Cross-Border Property Rights and Private International Law
The European Union does not possess a substantive ius in rem comparable to the national property laws of its Member States. Property law remains within the competence of the Member States under the …
French Property Law — Publicity of Real Rights and Hypothec
French property law (droit des biens) is codified in Book II of the Code civil (Articles 516–710) and has been shaped by the revolutionary abolition of feudalism, the Napoleonic consolidation, and …
French Property Law (Droit des Biens)
The Concept of Property Under the Civil Code French property law — droit des biens — is founded on Article 544 of the Civil Code (Code civil), which defines ownership (propriété) as the right to enjoy …
German Property Law — Land Registration and BGB Principles
German real property law (Liegenschaftsrecht or Immobiliarsachenrecht) is governed primarily by Book 3 of the Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB), §§ 873–902, supplemented by the Grundbuchordnung (GBO, Land …
German Property Law (Sachenrecht)
Foundational Principles of German Property Law German property law — Sachenrecht — is codified in Book 3 of the Bürgerliches Gesetzbuch (BGB), §§ 854-1296, and is structured around four foundational …
Russian Property Law — Land Ownership and Reform
Russian property law has been fundamentally reshaped since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, transitioning from a system of exclusive state ownership to one that recognises private …
Russian Property Law (Pravo Sobstvennosti)
The Concept of Property Under the Civil Code Russian property law — pravo sobstvennosti — is codified in Book II of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation (GK RF), Articles 209-306, governing the …
UK Land Law — Registered Land and Trusts of Land
English land law has undergone a fundamental transformation from a system based on documentary title deeds and the doctrine of notice to a comprehensive system of title registration under the Land …
US Property Law
Real and Personal Property US property law draws on the English common law tradition, distinguishing fundamentally between real property (land and interests in land) and personal property (all other …
US Real Property Law — Estates in Land and Future Interests
US real property law, rooted in the English common law tradition, governs the acquisition, use, and transfer of interests in land. The system is characterised by its distinctive taxonomy of estates in …