Framework Act on Education (Gyoyuk Gibon Beop)
The Framework Act on Education (Gyoyuk Gibon Beop) establishes the basic principles and framework for the education system in South Korea. Enacted in 1997, the Act defines the purposes of education, the rights and duties of students, parents, and teachers, and the responsibilities of the government. The Act establishes education as a fundamental right and duty, and provides for the establishment of the education system at all levels.
Legal area: Law governing the education system, institutions, and educational rights.
Year enacted: 1997
Full text: https://elaw.klri.re.kr/eng_service/law_view.do?hseq=south-korea-framework-act-education
Key Provisions
- Chapter I: General provisions (purpose, definitions)
- Chapter II: Educational objectives and principles
- Chapter III: Rights and duties of students, parents, teachers
- Chapter IV: Educational administration (Ministry of Education)
- Chapter V: Educational finance
- Chapter VI: Educational facilities and support
Significance
The Framework Act on Education establishes the constitutional foundation for South Korea’s education system. Education is highly valued in South Korean society, with high literacy rates and strong academic performance. The Act provides for free compulsory education through middle school and has been amended to expand educational opportunities. South Korea’s education system has been praised for its academic achievements but criticised for excessive competition and pressure on students.