Courts and Judiciary
Russian Court Hierarchy: Constitutional Court, Supreme Court, and the 2019 Cassation Reform
The Russian court system is a three-branch structure comprising the Constitutional Court, the courts of general jurisdiction (including military courts), and the arbitration courts. The system was …
Russian Court System
Constitutional Foundations and the 2014 Judicial Reform The Russian court system is governed by the Constitution of the Russian Federation adopted by referendum on 12 December 1993 and by the Federal …
Russian Judicial Reform (2018–2024): Merger, Cassation Reform, and Digitalisation
The Russian judicial system underwent a series of significant reforms between 2014 and 2024, including the merger of the Supreme Court and the Supreme Arbitration Court, the creation of independent …
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