https://legal.excellentwiki.com/france/human-rights/ Recent content in human rights on ExcellentWiki - Legal Encyclopedia Hugo en-US Mon, 06 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 https://legal.excellentwiki.com/france/human-rights/french-human-rights-law/ Mon, 06 Jul 2026 00:00:00 +0000 https://legal.excellentwiki.com/france/human-rights/french-human-rights-law/ <h2 id="the-constitutional-framework">The Constitutional Framework</h2> <p>French human rights law rests upon a distinctive constitutional edifice known as the <em>bloc de constitutionnalité</em> (block of constitutionality), which comprises multiple foundational texts having constitutional status. The 1789 Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (<em>Déclaration des droits de l&rsquo;Homme et du citoyen</em>) is the cornerstone of French human rights protection. Its seventeen articles establish the rights to liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression; the presumption of innocence; freedom of expression; and the prohibition of arbitrary detention. Article 1 declares that men are born and remain free and equal in rights. Article 2 identifies the natural and imprescriptible rights of man as liberty, property, security, and resistance to oppression. Article 4 defines liberty as the freedom to do everything that does not harm another. Article 6 establishes the principle of equality before the law. Article 9 enshrines the presumption of innocence. Article 10 guarantees freedom of opinion and expression. Article 11 guarantees the free communication of ideas and opinions. Article 16 proclaims that any society in which the guarantee of rights is not secured has no constitution at all.</p>