Courts and Judiciary
Conseil d'État
The Conseil d’État: Guardian of French Administrative Law The Conseil d’État (Council of State) is the supreme administrative court of France and one of the most influential institutions …
French Court System
The Principle of Dual Jurisdiction The French court system is organized around a fundamental structural distinction unknown to common law systems: the separation of the judicial order (ordre …
The French Administrative Order: TA, CAA, Conseil d'État, and Specialised Courts
The French ordre administratif (administrative order) is the system of courts with jurisdiction over public law disputes. The administrative order is separate from the judicial order and is based on …
The French Judicial Order: Tribunaux Judiciaires, Cours d'Appel, and Cour de Cassation
The French ordre judiciaire (judicial order) is the system of courts with jurisdiction over private law disputes and criminal matters. The judicial order is distinct from the administrative order …