Legal System of Kyrgyzstan

Kyrgyzstan is located in Central Asia. It is geographically situated in central asia, west of china, south of kazakhstan. The country achieved independence on 31 august 1991 (from the soviet union). The capital is Bishkek.

Government Overview

Government Type: parliamentary republic Chief of State: President Sadyr JAPAROV (since 28 January 2021) Head of Government: Chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers Adylbek KASYMALIYEV (since 18 December 2024) Cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers appointed by the president Administrative Divisions: 7 provinces (oblustar, singular - oblus) and 2 cities* (shaarlar, singular - shaar); Batken Oblusu, Bishkek Shaary*, Chuy Oblusu (Bishkek), Jalal-Abad Oblusu, Naryn Oblusu, Osh Oblusu, Osh Shaary*, Talas Oblusu, Ysyk-Kol Oblusu (Karakol) National Holiday: Independence Day, 31 August (1991) Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Legal System

The legal system of Kyrgyzstan is described as civil law system that includes features of French civil law and Russian Federation laws International Law: has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt

Constitutional Framework

The constitution has the following history: previous 1993, 2007, 2010; latest approved by referendum in 2021  Amendment Process: proposed as a draft law by the majority of the Supreme Council membership or by petition of 300,000 voters; passage requires at least two-thirds majority vote of the Council membership in each of at least three readings of the draft two months apart; the draft may be submitted to a referendum if approved by two thirds of the Council membership; adoption requires the signature of the president

Judicial Branch

Highest Court(s): Supreme Court (consists of 25 judges); Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court (consists of the chairperson, deputy chairperson, and 9 judges) Judge Selection: Supreme Court and Constitutional Court judges appointed by the Supreme Council on the recommendation of the president; Supreme Court judges serve for 10 years, Constitutional Court judges serve for 15 years; mandatory retirement at age 70 for judges of both courts Subordinate Courts: Higher Court of Arbitration; oblast (provincial) and city courts

Legislative Branch

The legislative structure consists of unicameral

Citizenship and Suffrage

Citizenship by Birth: no Citizenship by Descent: at least one parent must be a citizen of Kyrgyzstan Suffrage: 18 years of age; universal

Historical Background

Kyrgyzstan is a Central Asian country of incredible natural beauty and proud nomadic traditions. The Russian Empire annexed most of the territory of present-day Kyrgyzstan in 1876. The Kyrgyz staged a major revolt against the Tsarist Empire in 1916, during which almost one-sixth of the Kyrgyz population was killed. Kyrgyzstan became a Soviet republic in 1926 and achieved independence in 1991 when the USSR dissolved.

This article provides a summary of the legal system and governmental structure of Kyrgyzstan based on the CIA World Factbook. The Factbook is a public domain publication of the United States Central Intelligence Agency.